Q1
Walk me through how you would build a three-statement financial model for an M&A transaction. What are the key drivers you'd focus on, and how would you stress-test different assumptions?
Why they ask this:* Financial modeling is a core competency for investment bankers. They want to see your ability to construct integrated models, understand interconnected statements, and stress assumptions for deal scenarios.
Q2
Explain the difference between EV/EBITDA and P/E multiples. When would you use each in a comparable company analysis, and what are the limitations of relying solely on trading multiples for valuation?
Why they ask this:* This tests your understanding of valuation methodology and whether you can apply the right metric to different situations. Mid-level bankers must articulate when multiples are reliable and when they're misleading.
Q3
You're advising on a leveraged buyout. Walk through how you'd calculate the internal rate of return (IRR) and how changes to exit multiple, debt paydown, and hold period affect returns.
Why they ask this:* LBO analysis is fundamental to investment banking. They're assessing your ability to model value creation mechanics and communicate how different transaction levers impact investor returns.
Q4
Describe the differences between accretion/dilution analysis and how you'd present EPS accretion to a client in a stock-for-stock merger. What are the key caveats you'd highlight?