Q1
Walk me through how you would build a 3-statement financial model for a leveraged buyout (LBO). What are the key drivers and assumptions you'd focus on, and how would you stress-test the model?
Why they ask this:* LBO modeling is a core competency for investment bankers. This tests your understanding of debt structures, returns analysis, and your ability to translate business assumptions into financial outputs.
Q2
Explain the differences between EV/EBITDA, P/E, and EV/Revenue multiples. When would you use each in a comparable company analysis, and what are their limitations?
Why they ask this:* Valuation multiples are fundamental to pitchbooks and M&A advisory. This assesses whether you understand when each metric is appropriate and can articulate nuanced differences to clients.
Q3
You're advising on a $500M acquisition. Walk me through how you'd calculate the accretion/dilution to the buyer's EPS in Year 1. What factors could make this accretive or dilutive?
Why they ask this:* Accretion/dilution analysis is critical for M&A deals and investor presentations. This tests your ability to model deal economics and explain financial impacts to non-technical audiences.
Q4
Describe the capital structure of a typical debt-financed acquisition. What are the differences between senior debt, subordinated debt, and preferred equity? How would covenant packages differ across these instruments?